Pyrolytic graphite sheet is a highly complex graphite polymer sheet with the characteristics of being light, thin, and highly adaptable. Due to its good thermal conductivity, it can effectively release and dissipate heat generated by heat sources such as computers, amplifiers, and cameras, and is suitable for occasions that require effective heat dissipation and conduction.
Properties of Pyrolytic Graphite Sheet
High Thermal Conductivity: PGS has a much higher thermal conductivity than copper and aluminum, making it an efficient heat sink and heart conductor.
Excellent Heat Dissipation: Dissipates heat easily across the entire sheet area.
Reduced Thermal Expansion: Maintains dimensional rigidity over a wide temperature range.
High Electrical Conductivity: Ideal for applications involving EMI shielding and heat sinks.
Conformable and Adaptable: PGS can be produced in flexible sheets, so it can easily conform to complex surfaces and shapes.
Light and Thin: This has less impact on the size and weight of the part.
Excellent Strength-to-Weight Ratio: It is a durable yet lightweight substance.
Chemical Resistance: Ineffective against a large number of solvents and chemicals, and cannot withstand harsh conditions.
Thermal Stability: Maintains its thermal properties over a wide temperature range.
How to make pyrolytic graphite sheets PGS is made by a process called chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In order to be able to produce the extremely complex structure of pyrolytic graphite forms, a carbon-rich gas needs to be placed on a heated substrate. The main steps involved are as follows:
Step 1: Setting up the substrate
A smooth and uniform substrate (such as silicon carbide or graphite) should be thoroughly cleaned to ensure the strong adhesion and advancement of the PGS layer.
Step 2: Introducing the gas
Inside the CVD reactor, there are a variety of gaseous hydrocarbons, usually ethylene or methane.
Step 3: Decomposition by heating
In the reactor, the hydrocarbon gas is heated to high temperatures, causing it to decompose into hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Step 4: Carbon deposition
The carbon atoms are then precipitated on the heated substrate, producing a tiny layer of graphite coating by pyrolysis.
Step 5: Formation of crystals
The directional properties of PGS are mainly affected by the unique orientation of the carbon atoms when deposited. The desired properties can be obtained through precise process management.
Step 6: Thickness Control
The thickness of the PGS layer can be adjusted by varying the gas flow ratio and deposition duration.
Step 7: Removal and Cooling
Once the PGS reaches the desired thickness, it is carefully removed from the substrate and set aside to cool.
Step 8: Quality Check
The PGS is checked for thickness, consistency, and other necessary qualities.
Step 9: Post-Processing
To meet specific application needs, the PGS sheet may undergo further processing, including cutting, cleaning, and forming.
Applications of Pyrolytic Graphite Sheets
Thermal Control
Heat sinks: Used as heat sinks in electronic devices, dissipating the heat released by the device and preventing overheating
Thermal interface materials: Can act as a strong thermal interface material between the heat sink and the electronic device, enhancing the transfer of heat.
Electronics
Heat sinks: PGS can be used in heat sinks to enhance the cooling of electronic devices such as CPUs and GPUs by transferring and dissipating the heat generated by the components.
Electromagnetic shielding: PGS has excellent conductivity and is an excellent electromagnetic shielding material in electronic tools. This protects sensitive components from electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Automotive electronics
PGS is often used in automotive electronics to regulate heat while ensuring proper cooling of electrical devices in the car.
LED lighting
PGS regulates the heat generated by LED components in the use of light emitting diodes. This extends the service life and improves the efficiency of lighting devices.
Medical devices
PGS can be used in medical devices where reliable thermal management is required to ensure the operation and reliability of electronic parts.
Ddefense and aerospace
Satellites: PGS helps in temperature control of satellites, ensuring consistent functionality in difficult environments.
Spacecraft: PGS protects delicate components from thermal variations and electromagnetic interference.
Military Equipment: PGS can be used in military supplies to improve stability and efficiency in challenging situations.
Semiconductor Assembly and Packaging
Integrated Circuit Packaging: PGS optimizes the functionality and robustness of ICs by dissipating heat.
Substrates: For mounting ICs and other components, PGS provides a strong and thermally conductive support.
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